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The Schools Interoperability Framework, Systems Interoperability Framework (UK), or SIF, is a data sharing open specification for academic institutions from kindergarten through workforce. This specification is being used primarily in the United States, Canada, the UK, and Australia; however, it is increasingly being implemented in India, and elsewhere. The specification is composed of two parts: an XML specification for modeling educational data which is specific to the educational locale (such as North America, Australia or UK) , and a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) specification for sharing that data between institutions, which is international and shared between the locales.. SIF is not a product, but an industry initiative that enables diverse applications to interact and share data. As of March 2007, SIF is estimated to have been used in more than 48 states and 6 countries, supporting five million students. The specification was started and maintained by its specification body, the SIF Association.〔(SIF Association WebSite )〕 The Association recently renamed itself as the Access For Learning Community (A4L), a coalition which is designed to help the education community make sense of all the education data standards and provide an open community and a platform for people to have open conversations about solutions.〔http://www.a4l.org〕 == History and Background == Traditionally, the standalone applications used by public school districts have the limitation of data isolation; that is, it is difficult to access and share their data. This often results in redundant data entry, data integrity problems, and inefficient or incomplete reporting. In such cases, a student's information can appear in multiple places but may not be identical, for example, or decision makers may be working with incomplete or inaccurate information. Many district and site technology coordinators also experience an increase in technical support problems from maintaining numerous proprietary systems. SIF was created to solve these issues.〔(Scholastic Article, January 2007 )〕 The Schools Interoperability Framework (SIF) began as an initiative chiefly championed initially by Microsoft to create "a blueprint for educational software interoperability and data access." It was designed to be an initiative drawing upon the strengths of the leading vendors in the K-12 market to enable schools' IT professionals to build, manage and upgrade their systems. It was endorsed by close to 20 leading K-12 vendors of student information, library, transportation, food service applications and more. The first pilot sites began in the summer of 1999, and the first SIF-based products began to show up in 2000.〔(Historical references (has some brokenlinks) )〕 In the beginning it was not clear which approach would become the national standard in the United States. Both SIF and EDI were vying for the position in 2000 but SIF began taking the lead in 2002 or so. In 2000, the National School Boards Association held a panel discussion during its annual meeting on the topic of SIF. In 2007 in the United Kingdom Becta has championed the adoption of SIF as a national standard for schools data interchange. In 2008 it was announced that in the UK the standard will become known as the "Systems Interoperability Framework". This reflects the intention in the UK to develop SIF to be used in other organizations beyond just schools. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Schools Interoperability Framework」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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